Psycholosy essays

A Comparison of the Merits of using Software or Hardware Transactional Memory, against Traditional ‘Semaphore’ Locking The WritePass Journal

A Comparison of the Merits of utilizing Software or Hardware Transactional Memory, against Traditional ‘Semaphore’ Locking A Comparison of the Merits of utilizing Software or Hardware Transactional Memory, against Traditional ‘Semaphore’ Locking ]. Splendid, P. (2011) IBM’s new value-based memory: represent the deciding moment time for multithreaded insurgency. Accessible at: http://arstechnica.com/devices/2011/08/ibms-new-value-based memory-represent the moment of truth time-for-multithreaded-transformation/ [Accessed twelfth March 2014]. Detlefs, D., Martin, P.A., Moir, M. Steele, G.L., (2001) ‘The Twentieth Annual ACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing’, in sans lock Reference Counting, ACM Press: New York. Maged, M.M. (2004) ‘Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN 2004 Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation’, in Scalable sans lock Dynamic Memory Allocation, ACM Press: New York.

Free Term Papers and Essays

Free Term Papers and EssaysIf you are in need of a term paper or essay, do not worry, you can get them for free. The old concept of needing to pay for a term paper or an essay is getting out of style. This is due to the fact that online term papers and essays are easy to access, and they are very popular among students.Term papers are now provided for students who do not have the time to write a full-length one on their own. It is also a way to get a better grade in school. Many people only have their brains working to come up with a good term paper, which many students are looking for.As long as you are writing a term paper or essay, you do not need to pay for it. A lot of sites offer this type of assignment for you to complete. All you have to do is take advantage of the available online resources. There are many people who prefer to take advantage of these online resources to come up with a term paper or essay on their own.When you are done with your online resource, you are free to give it to the college. They will then evaluate and rate it according to its quality. You will also be given some feedback that you can use to improve your term paper or essay.To use an online resource, you need to register with them. By doing this, you will be able to post the assignments that you have written and receive feedback that you can use. This is very convenient for you because you will not have to leave your home and enter into a classroom.It is possible for you to get free term papers and essays from them, especially if you have completed the assignment on time. This is a great way to be able to get a good grade without spending too much money. Most students want to get a good grade for their assignment.The online resource is usually the best solution to this problem. You are able to get your assignment done in a short period of time and do not have to spend any money at all. The online resource will just charge you a fee for the extra work that you have already comp leted.There are many students who choose to use these term papers and essays to give to their college professors for feedback. This is a good way to get a better grade, which the professor will be more likely to like. If you are in need of help writing a term paper or essay, use these resources.

Assistive Technology - 1683 Words

| Assistive Technology Evaluation | EDU 620 Meeting Individual StudentNeeds With Technology Instructor: Deborah Naughton | | Rhonda Reed | 11/20/2013 | | Assistive Technology Evaluation Assistive technology evaluation must be in an initial or three year reevaluation. In addition, to the assistive technology is that it’s an ongoing process which is driven by a lot of changes in the student needs, but not limited to the participation, access, curriculum, or environmental changes. Assistive technology (AT) have become a vital component of the educational programs of students with disabilities. In which, is widely accepted that adopted toys, switches, computers, amplification systems, wheel chairs, memory aids,†¦show more content†¦During this process the committee will meet at the school to determine eligibility and recommend services. Then committee will review and convene also specify on the agreed-upon services, in a document called Student Services Agreement. The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) prohibits discrimination against individuals who have disabilities in areas of employment, public services, public accommodations, transportation, and communication. Provision of auxiliary aids and services by public agencies includes qualified interpreters, note takers, transcription services, written materials, assistive listening devices, TDDs, videotext displays, or other effective methods of making verbally delivered materials available to individuals with hearing impairment. Also, qualified readers, taped tests, audio recordings, large print, braille materials, or other effective methods of making visual impairments are included in the definition of auxiliary aids and services. A child or student with a disability may require an assistive technology evaluation. AT assessment team should be multidisplinary and involve educators, parents and therapists, who are knowledgeable about the school curriculum, particular types of impairments of the student, and assistive technology. This will also involve the parent’s participation to successful educationalShow MoreRelatedAssistive Technology3767 Words   |  16 Pageswalking, eating, washing or driving has necessitated the incorporation of technology into health and social care to enable these people improve their capabilities. There are over 3000 technologies that have been designed to enable these people live productive and fulfilling lives independently. However, when using these technologies, there are several ethical and safety considerations that require to be met. The assistive technologies have been beneficial both to the health and social care organizationsRead MoreAssistive Technology And Instruct ional Technology1551 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"The number one benefit of information technology is that it empowers people to do what they want to do. It lets people be creative. It lets people be productive. It lets people learn things they didn t think they could learn before, and so in a sense it is all about potential.† –Steve Ballmer Technology can be very empowering especially for children who are exceptional. In understanding both Assistive Technology and Instructional technology one may begin to see how they can both beneficial to studentRead MoreAssistive Technology Essay1440 Words   |  6 Pagespresent society places technology on a high pedestal. This pedestal contains all of the hi-tech, yet sophisticated gadgets, gizmos, and all of the other novel items that are inundating our households. Items such as computers and cell phones enable us to communicate via e-mail, text message, and video (Stodden, Roberts, Picklesimer, Jackson Chang, 2006). Innovati ve items may be taken for granted but if we understand their significance and how they help us live in a technology driven and dependentRead MoreAssistive Technologies For The Classroom1752 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction Assistive technologies are any device or aid that makes completing a task easier. From something as simple as large print for the vision impaired, to more complex assistive technologies like hearing aids for the hearing impaired. Assistive technologies are designed to make life and learning easier. The use of assistive technologies inside the classroom is dependent upon many factors. From what support is provided by the school and other agencies, to the standards and regulations thatRead More Assistive Technology for Computing Essay1139 Words   |  5 PagesAssistive Technology for Computing One thing that programmers generally don’t take into account when they’re typing out code is How accessible is my program or website going to be for someone who’s impaired in some way? Unfortunately, this has become a problem in our society which many people are hoping to fix. Already, there’s a huge assortment of products - software, hardware, accessories, etc. - to accommodate those with impairments or disabilities of every sort. Here, we will see the technologyRead More Assistive Technology Essay example2112 Words   |  9 PagesAssistive Technology Abstract: Assistive technology is one way that individuals with learning disabilities have been able to overcome the difficulties with comprehension that they possess. This form of technology comes in many forms, ranging from low to high technology devices. These devices, some as simple as a highlighter, help to organize and keep on track the individual with a learning disability. Assistive technology has many benefits to a student and helps individuals to compensate inRead MoreAssistive Technology Solutions For Students With Learning Disabilities769 Words   |  4 PagesAssistive Technology Solutions Technological advances have increased access to the curriculum for students with learning disabilities. Assistive technology are the devices and services used to maintain or improve the capabilities of a student with a disability (Dell, Newton, Petroff, 2011). Through these technologies, students with learning disabilities are able to complete tasks in the classroom that they were otherwise, unable to achieve. Prior to the availability of assistive technology, aRead MoreShould Assistive Technology Be Disabled Students With Disabilities Education Act ( Idea )812 Words   |  4 PagesDisabilities Education Act (IDEA) 1997 and IDEA 2004 provided disabled students with options for assistive technology in the classroom as well as assistive technology services. It is through these mandates that Individual Educational Plans (IEP) began to include assistive technology options. The IDEA 2004 â€Å"law mandates that assistive technology devices and services be provided to students with disa bilities if the technology is essential for accessing education-related resources. (Dell, Newton, Petroff, 2012Read More Assistive Technology for Individuals with Disabilities Essay1863 Words   |  8 PagesAssistive Technology for Individuals with Disabilities Assistive technology plays an important role in the learning process for individuals with disabilities. Assistive technology is defined as any item, piece of equipment or product system, whether acquired commercially off the shelf, modified, or customized, that is used to increase, maintain, or improve functional capabilities of individuals with disabilities. (Maushak, Kelley Blodgett, 2001, p. 419) Assistive technology is very beneficialRead MoreTechnology : Assistive Technology1655 Words   |  7 Pageswould need crutches. Crutches are an important piece of technology know as assistive technology. The spectrum is extremely broad for assistive technology, and has been changing dramatically since the 1900s. It can range all the way from crutches, to a software device that can read where your eyes are looking to improve communication. Assistive technology is a broad term for any assistive, adaptive, or rehabilitative device. Assistive technology is defined as any item, piece of equipment, or product

The Annals of Tacitus Essay - 2511 Words

Tacitus tells us in the introduction to his Annales that his intent is to â€Å"relate a little about Augustus, Tiberius, et cetera† and to in fact do so â€Å"sine ira et studio† -- without bitterness or bias.1 Experience, however, tells us that this aim is rarely executed, and that we must be all the more suspicious when it is stated outright. Throughout the Annales, Tacitus rather gives the impression that his lack of bias is evidenced by his evenhanded application of bitterness to all his subjects. But is this really the case? While Tacitus tends to apply his sarcastic wit universally – to barbarian and Roman alike – this is not necessarily evidence of lack of bias. Taking the destruction of Mona and Boudiccas revolt (roughly 14.28-37) as a†¦show more content†¦The Vergilian references continue throughout the passage. Chapter 14.31 features an unusual use of rebellio (â€Å"rebellationem†), used to describe rebelling tribes, only seen e lsewhere in the Aeneid (12.186), again in relation to the Trojans.5 Skipping ahead to the end 14.33, Tacitus describes the rebellious Britons as being uninterested in â€Å"belli commercium,† or the commerce of war, i.e., the trading and selling of hostages. This is another phrase borrowed from Vergil (Aeneid 10.532), used in fact by Aeneas in denouncing the practice. The last Aeneid reference occurs in 14.34, immediately preceding Boudiccas rallying speech which begins in 14.35: the use of exultabant to describe the Celtic armies battle strategy.6 This is a usage derived from 11.663 of the Aeneid, which describes the warrior Camilla, enemy of Aeneas, in a passage comparing her to Penthesilea and the Amazons, who actually defended Troy during the war. Tacitus reminds his reader that there is a long tradition of comparing enemies of Rome to noble allies of the past, and prepares us to see Boudicca as the heir of female warriors like Camilla and Penthesilea. While Tacitus allu sions are a relatively straightforward way of transmitting hisShow MoreRelatedWhat Are Tacitus Motivations For Writing The Annals2556 Words   |  11 PagesWhat are Tacitus reasons (both explicit and implicit) for writing The Annals? Tacitus’ motivations for writing The Annals are multifaceted. First, he was promoting the stance that the empire, despite its shortcomings, was necessary for the stability of Rome at the time. Secondly, he wanted to give an honest and fair account of Rome during the reigns of four emperors of the principate: Tiberius, Gaius, Claudius and Nero. A republic, like Rome, moves at a maddeningly slow pace. Legislation is putRead MoreComparing Suetonius And Tacitus1175 Words   |  5 PagesThe accounts of emperor Tiberius’ reign by both Suetonius and Tacitus have qualities that serve to show how differing authors viewed Tiberius in various flattering and unappealing ways by their personal reasoning and desire to preserve truth as much as possible in scope of their respective intentions to provide scholars with treatments of him that give a through picture of his traits, strengths and weaknesses. Overall, by examining both accounts of Tiberius’ reign, readers are able to form independentRead MoreBoudicca the Revolt1398 Words   |  6 Pageslargely recounted by two of the most influential Roman historians of the ancient world, Cornelius Tacitus and Cassius Dio, the British were successfully presented to be of a barbaric nature; leaving behind a legacy of destruction and massacre that resulted in military failure and brought forth little success. But despite the obvious Roman agenda that has been intertwined within the recounts of Tacitus and Dio, they remain to be the only credible primary sources of information and provide the mostRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Power Of Power1695 Words   |  7 PagesRome’s citizens in search of some order. Nero capitalizes on the populace’s fears, upending established hierarchies and societal norm. Tacitus writes, â€Å"The Senate and leading citizens were in doubt whether to regard [Nero] as more terrible at a distance or among them. After a while, as is the way with great terrors, they thought what happened the worst alternative† (Annals, 15.36). The people of Rome view Nero as unfavorable because he seemingly can never instill confidence in his people, only treacheryRead MoreAugustus Rise to Power Essay (Tacitus and Augustus)1513 Words   |  7 Pagesone by Tacitus (the second-century historian), and discuss their historical validit y. 1)â€Å"At the age of nineteen on my own responsibiliy and at my own expense I raised an army,...I transferred the republic from my power to the dominion of the senate and people of Rome.† -Augustus,Res Gestae Divi Augusti 2)†One view of Augustus went like this: filial duty and national crisis had been merely pretexts...After that, there had certainly been peace, but it was a bloodstained peace†-Tacitus, Annals Answer: Read MoreAgrippina Influence1557 Words   |  7 PagesAgrippina. She was born into power in 15 AD. She was a direct descendant of respected Augustus and was the daughter of the most popular couple in Rome, Germanicus and Agrippina the Elder. â€Å"Agrippina’s exceptionally illustrious birth is indisputable† (Tacitus, Annals. XII.6.p.254) Her birth into the Julio-Claudian bloodline meant that Agrippina was born into wealth as her family was a noble dynasty in Rome and Germany. But most of her wealth grew with her two marriages. The combination of both her wealthRead MoreTiberius- Roman Empire1507 Words   |  7 Pagesand  Nero and the family to which they belonged. They ruled the  Roman Empire  from its formation, in the second half of the 1st century 27 BC, until AD 68, when the last of the line,  Nero, committed suicide. The ancient historical writers,  Suetonius  and  Tacitus, write from the point of view of the Roman senatorial aristocracy, and portray the Emperors in generally negative terms. The reign of Tiberius ( 42 B.C- 37 A.D) is a particularly important one for the Principate, since it was the first occasion whenRead MoreThe Roman Republic1412 Words   |  6 PagesHer use of manipulation and violence has led ancient writers, such as Tacitus, to describe her political career as inappropriate and excessive. But I will argue against these views. On the contrary, I will show that because of her political achievements, she played a positive role in advancing the Augustan principate in such a way that it was beneficial in keeping with the guise of the ideology of the Roman Republic. Tacitus’ characterization of Agrippina the Younger is terse and caustic, representingRead MoreEssay on Women’s Roles in the Epic of Beowulf1143 Words   |  5 Pagesgentleness, compassion. It is a predominantly masculine, rough and tough narrative which would only be detracted from by the presence of many women.    Chickering says that women in the poem had â€Å"all the dignity and standing they commanded in Tacitus’ day,† when they were greatly respected and sought for their sound advice (264). Queen Welhtheow wa giving such advice to King Hrothgar concerning his sons’ succession to the throne:    Accept this cup,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   my noble lordRead MoreEssay on Indigenous Religion: Druid Religion672 Words   |  3 Pagesreverence than the mistletoe, and the tree on which it grows, so that it be an oak.† (Pliny, sect. 95). A noted unique feature in the Druid religion was that they made no distinction between male and female rulers. In chapter 30 of Annals, a book of Roman history, Tacitus describes the Romans first encounters of the Druids. He describes women as â€Å"running through the ranks† and describes the Druids as â€Å"ranged in order†. For women to be included in Druidism was unique since during the height of Druidism

Issues In Supply Chain Integration Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Issues In Supply Chain Integration. Answer: Introduction An integrated supply chain system defines the process of cross utilization of resources from various origins and sources implemented in the manufacturing of the products in a particular business system. it is a close alignment and coordination within the supply chain. The requirement for supply chain is necessary for every business; it includes the supply of raw material, partially completed products, finished products to the wholesaler and the retailers. There supply system plays a vital role in business as it transfers or shifts the finished and unfinished products from a destination to its required destination. The manufacturing companies are solely dependent on the supply system. A supply chain management takes the responsibility to source and procure, converse and manage all the activities in a business. At the same time, an integrated supply chain management system refers to link major business actions and processes inside and outside the company. There are many issues faced by this supply chain management system. The SCM system is a combination of various resources and business systems that merges at this point to create a link between each other. However, a combination of various aspects can be a bit chaotic and cause issues in the system. The study will discuss about the issues faced by the integrated SCM system. Discussion: The development and globalization is taking the manufacturing companies to countries where the supply cost is minimum. The nations with low labor cost, taxation, transport cost is attracting the manufacturing nations and thus they are shifting to those nations. This is a primary threat to the supply chain industry. Few special aspects affect the supply chain management. Globalization: The supply chain management is highly affected due to globalization. The manufacturing companies are gaining an global information about the best and cheapest price in the market. The outsourcing of the company is increasing their knowledge about the cheapest raw materials and taxation in nations. It is evident that these companies will tend to shift to the countries with minimum production costs. Thus, globalization is having negative impact on the supply market. The countries are shifting to the nations with minimum pricing and supply cost keeping behind the countries with a high taxation and supply cost. Fast changing market: The consumer behavior and demand is dependent on the market choice and trends. The customers of a particular company are highly influenced by the market demand and on trend demands. The social sites, culture variations and psychological factors are influencing the customer demand for products in the market. The life cycle of the products are becoming shorter as every day new and outshooting trends are introducing themselves in the market. The manufacturers are facing a huge pressure under this demand system, as they have to update themselves as per the market demand and produce accordingly(Christopher 2016). At the same time, the supply management system also has to become flexible and smooth according to the demand. The manufacturers demand for agile supply chain that will respond o the changing demand in the market. Quality products: The social media and technology has made a change in the market. The customers are well aware of quality product and services and hence they have various choices to choose among the supply chain systems. The manufacturers are under huge pressure for quality product starting from raw material to finished goods has to be well finished hence the suppliers has to make sure to supply the products without any damage. Daily challenges faced by the organization: Customer service: The supply chain management has the biggest issue related to the customer service. The customer review or feedback plays a heavy role in the management system. the service provided by the firms determines the quality of the organization. On that basis the customers pay a feedback that gives the company an idea about the organization and henceforth they decide whether to continue with the firm or not. Cost control: The costing pressure is faced by every organization, as money is a compulsive need for running a business. However, if the cost rises above the profit of the organization then it can be huge challenge or reason for shut down of the business. Due to rise in the fuel costs, labor cost, customer demand, the company has to increase their expenditure to run the business. Planning and risk management: The requirement for daily check on the market demand, change in trend and global demand has to be done by the organization. They have to keep a note on the product launched, credit available, and global sourcing to understand the customer requirement and meet them (Heckmann, Tina and Stefan). Relationship with partner: The organization has to create a good relation with the manufacturers to increase their opportunity and business scope in the market. The organization has to build a good relation, understand and mutually follow the standards for better understanding of the current market situations. The flow of communication between the entities should be smooth and flexible to maintain a regular base relationship with the manufacturers and continue the business without any complication. Talent: The market is rising with new organization for supply chain on a daily basis. The leader has to make sure that the organization must follow some unique and different strategies to attract the manufacturers. They need to have an extensive understanding for the importance requirements and duty of the organization in the market(Hoet al 2015 ). The company must have some different talents and style of its own to attract the customers and lead the competitive market. Issues faced in sharing of information: Misunderstanding in product supply Wrong product delivery Wrong message delivery. Lack of motivation. Delayed performance. Chaos with the customer Chaos with the retailers Order cancellation Interrupted communication. Mismanagement The following issues will be faced by the organization if there is a lack of information sharing in the system. The requirement for information sharing is must for every organization. In todays world this is a common issues faced by the organizations(Jacobs, Richard and Rhonda 2014). However, there can be steps taken to prevent the issues and continue a smooth running of the organization. Recommendation: The importance of communication is required everywhere to create a successful supply chain management. The discussion will refer to few recommendations that the managers can adopt to assure a free flow of information to all the stakeholders. Organizing a communication chain: the supply chain has been defined as the diamond chain, where all the members will understand the expectations of each other. They should also have a clear idea that what message has to forward by them and to whom. There must be a clear understanding in the message by every individual in the system(Grunig 2013). The communication system should allow feedback to get a clear idea on their flaws and disputes and hence, work on them. The chain should be multi-directional including an upward and downward flow of information. The workers get motivated when they notice that their voice is been heard. This helps the managers to make the required changes in the system and understand the system well. Breaking down of the message will help the message receiver to understand the message well. The manager can dissect the message that they wants to deliver. The receiver must clear and easily understand the messages. A feedback must be taken from the receiver whether they have received the message or not. In case the receiver has misunderstood or received a wrong message, the feedback will identify that and the sender can immediately make the required changes or clear the doubts. The communication attempt must have clear goal and outcome from the message should be desired(Gurung and Edmund 2013). The message goal must be determined, the usage of the words must be meaningful and relatable, and the receiver must understand the meaning and work accordingly. The management can conduct meetings with the worker s to assure the messages sent to them are easy to understand or not. They can organize annual meeting with the companies to rejuvenate their relationship with the firms and enhance their scope for further transactions. The company keep a regular contact with the manufacturers to build a healthy relation with a reduce the chances of conflict with them(Chopra and ManMohan 2014). The company should arrange for workshop and annual meets with the company explaining their working strategy and style of working to the company. This will attract the companies and help them to have a better understanding about the organization. The management from both ends should follow cloud based information storage. The basic requirement for such information storage is the workers or managers might not be available in the working premises anytime and every time. However, there can be an urgent need for communication that has to be met by any of the officials. During this period, the cloud storage will help them to draw the information and answer back to the source immediately. This system allows the company to access the information from anywhere required(Kaul 2014). This method cuts the IT cost and enhances the information distribution in the work area. Thus, the organizations must adopt these modernized technologies to make their working area easy and smooth (Chang 2016). The trainees or the employees can be trained and educated about the system. As it is not possible for everyone to know everything at a single time, the company can train their workers as per their requirements. They can educate the employees to understand the system and working skills, this will help them to understand the message sent to them. They will have a better idea about their responsibility and duties in the working field and thus will give their best in the work place (Spina et al 2013). Thus if the information is shared to the workers in such a way then they will improve their personal working style and the customers will receive a superior quality service from them. The understanding of the workplace and responsibility plays a vital role for getting a better result from the workers. The transparency in work field should be entertained. The clarity and transparency in work is an important part to maintain a good relation among the business partners and employees. They should maintain a clear relation and communication skill among each other to avoid and misunderstanding or confusion in future. If the confusions are not cleared then there are high chances for supplying wrong products to the customers (Brink, Kyle and Robert 2015). The business reputation will be at stake and the organization demand will be reduced in the market. The need for a well-framed communication in must in every organization to understand the requirement and meet them accordingly. The organization must take measures to improve the communication requirement in the organization to meet the customer requirements accordingly and get them a quality service(Pearson 2017). The organizations must attend all the meetings and parties held by the manufacturing firms, in such places the firms discuss their strategy and motivation in the upcoming days. Thus, the organization would get a clear idea about the requirement for the firms and the customer requirements. The organization can seek for their personal queries and solution for their issue in such meetings. This will reduce the risks of confusion among the worker and the organizations. The organizations can understand and study the customer demand in the present market in such meetings and discuss about the necessary steps that needs to be taken by them. The firms must make sure that the customers are getting the required products and services. If the customers are not getting their required products the company can discuss that with the organization so that they take necessary measures. However, if the organizations are not attending the meetings then the companies will not be able to inform or discuss about the issues with the supply management organizations and thus they might lose their chance of working with these firms. Conclusion Thus, it can be concluded that a well-framed communication system plays a vital role to clear the issues in a management system when there are more than one organization working in collaboration to give a desiring output to their customers. a business alone cannot serve all the requirements of the customers there has to be a linking source that will chain all the sources together and give a beneficial output to the customers. The organizations are facing various issues including globalization, advancement, and communication gap. This study has emphasized on a major issue faced by most of the companies in present days that is the communication gap in the organization. The need for communication and the drawbacks for the gap have been detailed in the study. The recommendations are also given in the study. The organizations must make the required changes and stress on their communication strategies to create a clear understanding among them and henceforth provide a superior service to t heir customers. the customer satisfaction plays a vital role in todays market, thus the companies must make sure that they take necessary steps to assure a good quality services to the customers References: Brink, Kyle E., and Robert D. Costigan. "Oral communication skills: Are the priorities of the workplace and AACSB-accredited business programs aligned?."Academy of Management Learning Education14, no. 2 (2015): 205-221. Chang, James F.Business process management systems: strategy and implementation. CRC Press, 2016. Chopra, Sunil, and ManMohan S. Sodhi. "Reducing the risk of supply chain disruptions."MIT Sloan Management Review55, no. 3 (2014): 73. Christopher, Martin.Logistics supply chain management. Pearson UK, 2016. Grunig, James E., ed.Excellence in public relations and communication management. Routledge, 2013. Gurung, Anil, and Edmund Prater. "A research framework for the impact of cultural differences on IT outsourcing." InGlobal Sourcing Of Services: Strategies, Issues And Challenges, pp. 49-82. 2017. Heckmann, Iris, Tina Comes, and Stefan Nickel. "A critical review on supply chain riskDefinition, measure and modeling."Omega52 (2015): 119-132. Ho, William, Tian Zheng, Hakan Yildiz, and Srinivas Talluri. "Supply chain risk management: a literature review."International Journal of Production Research53, no. 16 (2015): 5031-5069. Jacobs, F. Robert, Richard B. Chase, and Rhonda R. Lummus.Operations and supply chain management. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2014. Kaul, Asha.Effective business communication. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., 2014. Pearson, Ron. "Business ethics as communication ethics: Public relations practice and the idea of dialogue." InPublic relations theory, pp. 111-131. Routledge, 2017. Spina, Gianluca, Federico Caniato, Davide Luzzini, and Stefano Ronchi. "Past, present and future trends of purchasing and supply management: An extensive literature review."Industrial Marketing Management42, no. 8 (2013): 1202-1212.

The Issue Of Government Involvement Was A Major One Around The Time Pe

The issue of government involvement was a major one around the time period from 1865 to 1900. People began to officially believe the government was violating their laissez-faire policy around 1877, however the critical point of controversy began with the Interstate Commerce Act of 1887. Before this act which resulted in many violent strikes, government was simply expected to practice minimal governmental intervention in the American economy. This policy was clearly understood in the eyes of most Americans as an existence, but the extent to which each individual understood the exact idea of laissez-faire I highly questionable. Laissez-faire is in itself unstable as to the guidelines that government is supposed to follow and the lines that Americans cannot cross. There was not an official document, like the Constitution, which one could turn to in the event of a controversy. Therefore controversy was inevitable. American citizens undoubtedly favored the general principle of laissez-faire, but each to a varying extent. Some wanted the government to be cut off completely, and some still believed solid government interaction as a major advantage to the success of the nation. Certain state matters were brought up at times that allowed for argument over the involvement of the federal government. For example, in 1877,Daniel Knowlton testified before the Senate Committee on Education and Labor, and emphatically questioned the proper functions of government and ?how far, if at all, it may interfere with the natural laws governing commerce, manufacturers, and agriculture.? He acknowledged the only rights of the federal government to be things like maintaining domestic tranquility, and defending the people of invasion. These are legitimate thoughts and opinions, but that is exactly what they are- thoughts and opinions. He even admits that in saying he ?conceives? them to be the proper functions of gov ernmen, and goes on to question the real ones, implying further the fact that he, a typical American., has no idea what the actual principle of laissez-faire is. However his last statement is one which is of some value and conveys the typical American's point of view on the whole matter and the pure reason for any of the controversy preceding or following the time period of this statement: ?It is better always to leave individual enterprise to do most that is to be done in the country.? ( DOC A1) This idea is reinforced in the court case of Munn vs. Illinois, in which it is officially stated that ?owners of property in which the public has an interest must submit to be controlled by the public for the common good.? (DOC B) After this court case it should be clearer to everyone the extent which is meant by the idea of laissez-faire. The questions of the importance and seriousness of laissez-faire now answered, there is not much more controversy until about 1886. Many problems in the railroad system developed, concerning the issue of costs and claimed attempts of the larger trade dealers to take advantage of the smaller ones. Some major issues included the attempt to ?make capital count for more than an individual credit and enterprise , to concentrate business at great commercial centers, to necessitate combinations and aggregations of capital, to foster monopoly, The railroad committee struggled greatly through these accusations, the united states having ?the most efficient railway service and the lowest rates known in the world.? Meanwhile the federal government has been pressuring the railway committee to let them help in working out the solution, and the railroad committee soon accepts, all their efforts being ineffective. (DOC C) Consequentially, the Interstate Commerce bill is passed in congress, and descr ibed as ?a long stride in the direction of paternal government?(DOC D) meaning the Americans are sensing a complete end to laissez-faire, and do not like this change. Soon following this ?long stride? a huge amount of unhappy Americans began strikes, which ended extremely violently and ruined the society of America.(DOC L) In reality, government did not violate any principles during the questioned time of 1865 to 1900. This is proven in the non-existence of official documents stating the controversial topic of laissez-faire until 1877(Munn v. Illinois), and the fact that, after this case was resolved, congress did not interfere in any way that